Nginx在Windows下的安装与使用过程详解

说明

Nginx (engine x) 是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理服务器，也是一个IMAP/POP3/SMTP服务器。源代码以类BSD许可证的形式发布，因它的稳定性、丰富的功能集、示例配置文件和低系统资源的消耗而闻名。在连接高并发的情况下，Nginx是Apache服务器不错的替代品：Nginx在美国是做虚拟主机生意的老板们经常选择的软件平台之一。能够支持高达 50,000 个并发连接数的响应。笔者将会使用Nginx将默认网址使用的80端口与Tomcat使用的8080端口进行对接，实现使用80端口（域名）访问Tomcat下的网页，并配置HTTPS协议提高安全性。

下载

官网：http://nginx.org/en/download.html

选择合适的Windows版本进行下载，笔者以稳定版1.12.2版本为例，解压后如下图：

安装

1 准备：

首先需要域名和SSL证书来配置HTTPS协议，SSL证书可以从很多地方获取或者自己创建，笔者以腾讯云的CA证书为例：

有了域名和SSL证书后，按照腾讯云的官方提示，将配置Nginx的安全证书(.crt)和注册表项(.key)放到Nginx解压目录下的conf文件夹下方便管理（证书的名字可以自己修改，笔者将其改为1.crt和2.key）

然后需要将其配置到Nginx中，修改conf目录下的nginx.conf文件如下：

#user nobody;
#user root;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main \’$remote_addr – $remote_user [$time_local] \”$request\” \’
# \’$status $body_bytes_sent \”$http_referer\” \’
# \’\”$http_user_agent\” \”$http_x_forwarded_for\”\’;
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
charset utf-8;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 120;
#gzip on;
#填写自己的服务器ip和Tomcat端口
upstream local_tomcat {
server xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:8080;
}
server {
listen 80 default_server;
listen 443 ssl;
charset utf-8;
#填写自己的网站域名
server_name www.xxxx.xxx;
#证书文件
ssl_certificate C:/nginx-1.12.2/conf/1.crt;
#私钥文件
ssl_certificate_key C:/nginx-1.12.2/conf/2.key;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#配置HTTPS
location ~ /^[H,h][T,t][T,t][P,p][S,s]/ {
#网站根目录，为Tomcat下的wepapps目录
root C:/Tomcat7/apache-tomcat-7.0.82/webapps;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
proxy_set_header Host $http_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location ~ \\.jsp$ {
root C:/Tomcat7/apache-tomcat-7.0.82/webapps;
proxy_pass http://local_tomcat;
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Real-PORT $remote_port;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location ~ \\.html$ {
root C:/Tomcat7/apache-tomcat-7.0.82/webapps;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
proxy_set_header Host $http_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
location / {
root C:/Tomcat7/apache-tomcat-7.0.82/webapps;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
proxy_set_header Host $http_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \\.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \\.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache\’s document root
# concurs with nginx\’s one
#
#location ~ /\\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}