Vim配置完整示例详解

1. 通用配置

在用户家目录下创建配置文件~/.vimrc，通用配置如下：

2. 常用插件配置

2.1 环境说明

Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTSVim 8.0Python 3.6.7

2.2 安装并设置Vundle核心插件

git clone https://github.com/VundleVim/Vundle.vim.git ~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim

编辑~/.vimrc文件，添加以下内容：

\”===设置Vundle核心插件===\”
filetype off
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()
\”安装的插件列表\”
\”核心插件，用于安装其他所有插件\”
Plugin \’VundleVim/Vundle.vim\’
\”美化状态栏\”
Plugin \’powerline/powerline\’
\”类似IDE的补全插件\”
Plugin \’ycm-core/YouCompleteMe\’
\”添加一个树形目录\”
Plugin \’preservim/nerdtree\’
\”缩进指示线\”
Plugin \’Yggdroot/indentLine\’
\”自动格式化代码\”
Plugin \’tell-k/vim-autopep8\’
\”括号和引号自动补全\”
Plugin \’jiangmiao/auto-pairs\’
\”多行注释\”
Plugin \’preservim/nerdcommenter\’
\”实时语法检查\”
Plugin \’vim-syntastic/syntastic\’
\”美化状态栏\”
Plugin \’Lokaltog/vim-powerline\’
call vundle#end()
\”开启文件类型自动检测，编写代码时自动换行对齐\”
filetype plugin indent on

保存文件并使用以下命令安装插件：

:PluginInstall

2.3 编译YouCompleteMe插件

apt-get install build-essential cmake
apt-get install python3-dev
apt-get install python-dev ##可选，最新版Debian系统bullseye（testing版本）已经移除python2，只支持python3
cd ~/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe
git submodule update –init –recursive
./install.py

遇到的问题：

YouCompleteMe unavailable: requires Vim 8.1.2269+.

Vim提示以上错误，原因是当前最新版的YouCompleteMe插件要求Vim的版本为8.1.2269+，必须升级Vim，Debian 10自带的Vim版本达不到要求。源码编译安装Vim太麻烦，可以考虑使用Debian bullseye（testing版本）自带的Vim 8.2以上的版本。

The ycmd server SHUT DOWN (restart with ':YcmRestartServer'). Unexpected error while loading the YCM core library. Type ':YcmToggleLogs ycmd_46199_stderr_zazh98c3.log' to check the logs.

File "/root/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/ycmd/utils.py", line 498, in ImportAndCheckCore ycm_core = ImportCore() File "/root/.vim/bundle/YouCompleteMe/third_party/ycmd/ycmd/utils.py", line 489, in ImportCore import ycm_core as ycm_coreImportError: Python version mismatch: module was compiled for Python 3.7, but the interpreter version is incompatible: 3.8.5 (default, Aug 2 2020, 15:09:07)[GCC 10.2.0].

Vim提示以上错误，原因是Python版本从3.7升级到了3.8，原来编译的YouCompleteMe插件不兼容Python 3.8，必须重新基于3.8版本编译此插件。

3. 设置插件

3.1 设置一键运行Python代码（可用）

\”===设置按F5运行Python===\”
map <F5> :Autopep8<CR> :w<CR> :call RunPython()<CR>
function RunPython()
let mp = &makeprg
let ef = &errorformat
let exeFile = expand(\”%:t\”)
setlocal makeprg=python3\\ -u
set efm=%C\\ %.%#,%A\\ \\ File\\ \\\”%f\\\”\\\\,\\ line\\ %l%.%#,%Z%[%^\\ ]%\\\\@=%m
silent make %
copen
let &makeprg = mp
let &errorformat = ef
endfunction

必须安装依赖包：

pip3 install autopep8

3.2 设置YouCompleteMe插件（可用）

\”===设置YouCompleteMe插件===\”
\”默认配置文件路径\”
let g:ycm_global_ycm_extra_conf = \’~/.ycm_extra_conf.py\’
\”打开vim时不再询问是否加载ycm_extra_conf.py配置\”
let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf=0
set completeopt=longest,menu
\”Python解释器路径\”
let g:ycm_path_to_python_interpreter=\’/usr/bin/python3\’
\”是否开启语义补全\”
let g:ycm_seed_identifiers_with_syntax=1
\”是否在注释中也开启补全\”
let g:ycm_complete_in_comments=1
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_comments_and_strings = 0
\”开始补全的字符数\”
let g:ycm_min_num_of_chars_for_completion=2
\”补全后自动关机预览窗口\”
let g:ycm_autoclose_preview_window_after_completion=1
\”禁止缓存匹配项,每次都重新生成匹配项\”
let g:ycm_cache_omnifunc=0
\”字符串中也开启补全\”
let g:ycm_complete_in_strings = 1
\”离开插入模式后自动关闭预览窗口\”
autocmd InsertLeave * if pumvisible() == 0|pclose|endif

debian 10自带vim不支持python问题，vim打开文件会有以下提示：

YouCompleteMe unavailable: requires Vim compiled with Python (3.6.0+) support. Press ENTER or type command to continue

必须安装以下依赖包：

apt-get install vim-gtk

3.3 设置NERDTree插件（可用）

\”===设置NERDTree插件===\”
\”F2开启和关闭树\”
map <F2> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
let NERDTreeChDirMode=1
\”显示书签\”
let NERDTreeShowBookmarks=1
\”设置忽略文件类型\”
let NERDTreeIgnore=[\’\\~$\’, \’\\.pyc$\’, \’\\.swp$\’]
\”窗口大小\”
let NERDTreeWinSize=25

3.4 设置indentLine插件（可用）

\”===设置indentLine插件===\”
\”缩进指示线\”
let g:indentLine_char=\’┆\’
let g:indentLine_enabled = 1

3.5 设置autopep8插件（可用）

\”===设置autopep8插件===\”
let g:autopep8_disable_show_diff=1

3.6 设置nerdcommenter插件（可用）

\”nerdcommenter的leader默认为\\，可以用下面的命令更改\”
let mapleader=\’,\’
\”在normal模式下按v并移动光标选择需要注释的行，再按F4就可以为所有选中的行添加注释\”
map <F4> <leader>ci <CR>

4. 完整配置示例

\”===通用配置===\”
\”去掉vi的一致性\”
set nocompatible
\”显示行号\”
\”set number
\”隐藏滚动条\”
set guioptions-=r
set guioptions-=L
set guioptions-=b
\”隐藏顶部标签栏\”
set showtabline=0
\”设置字体\”
set guifont=Monaco:h13
\”开启语法高亮\”
syntax on
\”solarized主题设置在终端下的设置\”
let g:solarized_termcolors=256
\”设置背景色\”
set background=dark
\”设置不折行\”
set nowrap
\”设置以unix的格式保存文件\”
set fileformat=unix
\”设置C样式的缩进格式\”
set cindent
\”设置tab长度\”
set tabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
\”显示匹配的括号\”
set showmatch
\”距离顶部和底部5行\”
set scrolloff=5
\”命令行为两行\”
set laststatus=2
\”文件编码\”
set fenc=utf-8
set backspace=2
\”忽略大小写\”
set ignorecase
set incsearch
\”高亮搜索项\”
set hlsearch
\”不允许扩展tab\”
set noexpandtab
set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l
set autoread
\”突出显示当前行\”
\”set cursorline
\”突出显示当前列\”
set cursorcolumn
\”按F9进入粘贴模式\”
set nopaste
set pastetoggle=<F9>
\”===设置Vundle核心插件===\”
filetype off
set rtp+=~/.vim/bundle/Vundle.vim
call vundle#begin()
\”安装的插件列表\”
Plugin \’VundleVim/Vundle.vim\’
Plugin \’powerline/powerline\’
Plugin \’ycm-core/YouCompleteMe\’
Plugin \’preservim/nerdtree\’
Plugin \’Yggdroot/indentLine\’
Plugin \’tell-k/vim-autopep8\’
Plugin \’jiangmiao/auto-pairs\’
Plugin \’preservim/nerdcommenter\’
Plugin \’vim-syntastic/syntastic\’
Plugin \’Lokaltog/vim-powerline\’
call vundle#end()
\”开启文件类型自动检测，编写代码时自动换行对齐\”
filetype plugin indent on
\”===设置按F5运行Python===\”
map <F5> :Autopep8<CR> :w<CR> :call RunPython()<CR>
function RunPython()
let mp = &makeprg
let ef = &errorformat
let exeFile = expand(\”%:t\”)
setlocal makeprg=python3\\ -u
set efm=%C\\ %.%#,%A\\ \\ File\\ \\\”%f\\\”\\\\,\\ line\\ %l%.%#,%Z%[%^\\ ]%\\\\@=%m
silent make %
copen
let &makeprg = mp
let &errorformat = ef
endfunction
\”===设置YouCompleteMe插件===\”
\”默认配置文件路径\”
let g:ycm_global_ycm_extra_conf = \’~/.ycm_extra_conf.py\’
\”打开vim时不再询问是否加载ycm_extra_conf.py配置\”
let g:ycm_confirm_extra_conf=0
set completeopt=longest,menu
\”Python解释器路径\”
let g:ycm_path_to_python_interpreter=\’/usr/bin/python3\’
\”是否开启语义补全\”
let g:ycm_seed_identifiers_with_syntax=1
\”是否在注释中也开启补全\”
let g:ycm_complete_in_comments=1
let g:ycm_collect_identifiers_from_comments_and_strings = 0
\”开始补全的字符数\”
let g:ycm_min_num_of_chars_for_completion=2
\”补全后自动关机预览窗口\”
let g:ycm_autoclose_preview_window_after_completion=1
\”禁止缓存匹配项,每次都重新生成匹配项\”
let g:ycm_cache_omnifunc=0
\”字符串中也开启补全\”
let g:ycm_complete_in_strings = 1
\”离开插入模式后自动关闭预览窗口\”
autocmd InsertLeave * if pumvisible() == 0|pclose|endif
\”===设置NERDTree插件===\”
\”F2开启和关闭树\”
map <F2> :NERDTreeToggle<CR>
let NERDTreeChDirMode=1
\”显示书签\”
let NERDTreeShowBookmarks=1
\”设置忽略文件类型\”
let NERDTreeIgnore=[\’\\~$\’, \’\\.pyc$\’, \’\\.swp$\’]
\”窗口大小\”
let NERDTreeWinSize=25
\”===设置indentLine插件===\”
\”缩进指示线\”
let g:indentLine_char=\’┆\’
let g:indentLine_enabled = 1
\”===设置autopep8插件===\”
let g:autopep8_disable_show_diff=1
\”===设置nerdcommenter插件===\”
\”nerdcommenter的leader默认为\\，可以用下面的命令更改\”
let mapleader=\’,\’
\”在normal模式下按v并移动光标选择需要注释的行，再按F4就可以为所有选中的行添加注释\”
map <F4> <leader>ci <CR>