OpenAI 函数调用示例及功能入门教程

引言

我是AI小火箭的HB，我探索和写作人工智能和语言交叉点的所有事物，范围从LLM，聊天机器人，语音机器人，开发框架，以数据为中心的潜在空间等。

范例

初步体验

OpenAI新增了“函数调用”功能，这是什么呢？

我们先调用API来体验下。

下面是发送到模型的 JSON 文档。此调用的目的是生成一个 JSON 文件，该文件可用于发送到发送电子邮件的 API。您可以看到函数名称为 send_email，并定义了三个参数， to_address ， subject 和 body ，即电子邮件正文。用户请求为：Send Cobus from humanfirst ai an email asking for the monthly report?

curl –location \’https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions\’ \\
–header \’Content-Type: application/json\’ \\
–header \’Authorization: Bearer sk-xxxx\’ \\
–data \'{
\”model\”: \”gpt-3.5-turbo-0613\”,
\”messages\”: [
{\”role\”: \”user\”, \”content\”: \”Send Cobus from humanfirst ai an email asking for the monthly report?\”}
],
\”functions\”: [
{
\”name\”: \”send_email\”,
\”description\”: \”Please send an email.\”,
\”parameters\”: {
\”type\”: \”object\”,
\”properties\”: {
\”to_address\”: {
\”type\”: \”string\”,
\”description\”: \”To address for email\”
},
\”subject\”: {
\”type\”: \”string\”,
\”description\”: \”subject of the email\”
},
\”body\”: {
\”type\”: \”string\”,
\”description\”: \”Body of the email\”
}
}
}
}
]
}\’

下面是返回的 JSON

{
\”id\”: \”chatcmpl-7TQuwzJpQAY470saQM2RPfxwF6DDE\”,
\”object\”: \”chat.completion\”,
\”created\”: 1687249338,
\”model\”: \”gpt-3.5-turbo-0613\”,
\”choices\”: [
{
\”index\”: 0,
\”message\”: {
\”role\”: \”assistant\”,
\”content\”: null,
\”function_call\”: {
\”name\”: \”send_email\”,
\”arguments\”: \”{\\n \\\”to_address\\\”: \\\”cobus@humanfirst.ai\\\”,\\n \\\”subject\\\”: \\\”Request for Monthly Report\\\”,\\n \\\”body\\\”: \\\”Hi Cobus,\\\\n\\\\nI hope you\’re doing well. Could you please share the monthly report with me? It would be great to have it before the end of the week.\\\\n\\\\nThanks,\\\\n[Your Name]\\\”\\n}\”
}
},
\”finish_reason\”: \”function_call\”
}
],
\”usage\”: {
\”prompt_tokens\”: 86,
\”completion_tokens\”: 82,
\”total_tokens\”: 168
}
}

GPT模型会返回需要调用的函数名 send_email和对应的参数（放在arguments字段）。

{
\”to_address\”: \”cobus@humanfirst.ai\”,
\”subject\”: \”Request for Monthly Report\”,
\”body\”: \”Hi Cobus,\\n\\nI hope you\’re doing well. Could you please share the monthly report with me? It would be great to have it before the end of the week.\\n\\nThanks,\\n[Your Name]\”
}

这就非常有用，第三方的应用可以提供多个函数/服务（类似插件），GPT模型可以根据用户的指令自动选择不同的函数/服务。

现在再来看示例，就比较清晰了。