Linux如何配置本地yum源(光盘镜像挂载)

光盘镜像挂载

上传或者从其它服务器scp传输镜像CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1908.iso到目标服务器/mnt目录下（我这里从集群中别的服务器scp过来的）：

scp传输命令(1024是服务器端口，需要改成你自己的，IP地址也是同样的需要修改)：

如果服务器上有镜像就不用管下面这条命令

scp -P 1024 -r CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1908.iso root@192.168.67.200:/mnt/

登录到目标服务器查看镜像

[root@localhost mnt]# ll
total 4554750
-rw-r–r– 8 root root 4664066080 Dec 5 2016 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1908.iso

创建挂载目录

[root@localhost mnt]# mkdir /mnt/iso
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
4554752
-rw-r–r– 8 root root 4664066080 Dec 5 2016 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1908.iso
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 2048 Dec 5 2016 iso

挂载镜像

[root@localhost mnt]# mount CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1908.iso /mnt/iso/
mount: /dev/sr0 is write-protected, mounting read-only

有的系统会提示错误需要使用mount -o loop -t iso9660

则将上面的mount语句换成下面语句：（如果你执行上面的mount语句不报错就跳过下面这条命令）

mount -o loop -t iso9660 CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1908.iso /mnt/iso

挂载完毕进入挂载目录查看

[root@localhost mnt]# cd iso/
[root@localhost iso]# ll
total 654
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 14 Dec 5 2016 CentOS_BuildTag
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Dec 5 2016 EFI
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 215 Dec 10 2015 EULA
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 18009 Dec 10 2015 GPL
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2048 Dec 5 2016 images
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Dec 5 2016 isolinux
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2048 Dec 5 2016 LiveOS
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 630784 Dec 5 2016 Packages
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 4096 Dec 5 2016 repodata
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 1690 Dec 10 2015 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
-r–r–r– 1 root root 2883 Dec 5 2016 TRANS.TBL

镜像已经被解压到挂载目录。

备份原始repo文件

创建备份目录

mkdir /etc/yum.repos.d/bak

移动文件

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/

创建新的repo文件

新建Centos-CDROM.repo文件

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-CDROM.repo
[CDROM]
name=CentOS-$releasever – CDROM
baseurl=file:///mnt/iso
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

刷新repo信息

[root@localhost ~]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Cleaning repos: CDROM
Cleaning up everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@localhost ~]# yum makecache
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
CDROM | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
(1/4): CDROM/group_gz | 155 kB 00:00:00
(2/4): CDROM/primary_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:00
(3/4): CDROM/filelists_db | 3.0 MB 00:00:00
(4/4): CDROM/other_db | 1.3 MB 00:00:00
Determining fastest mirrors
Metadata Cache Created

验证一下

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be installed
–> Processing Dependency: mariadb-libs(x86-64) = 1:5.5.52-1.el7 for package: 1:mariadb-5.5.52-1.el7.x86_64
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be installed
Removing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 – u due to obsoletes from installed mysql-community-libs-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64
Removing mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 – u due to obsoletes from installed mysql-community-client-5.6.37-2.el7.x86_64
–> Restarting Dependency Resolution with new changes.
–> Running transaction check
—> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be installed
—> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.52-1.el7 will be installed
–> Finished Dependency Resolution